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الفصل 10 من 10

الإشارات المرورية وعلامات الطريق

Road signs and road markings

The handbook ends with two illustrated appendices: every road traffic sign, grouped by family, and every road marking. This module explains how each family looks and behaves, then the lines painted across and along the road. Use the searchable Road signs library alongside it to look up any individual sign.

  • نحو 20 دقيقة
  • 9 أقسام
  • Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, pp. 185–224
كل الإشارات المرورية ومعانيها

الفصل 10 · الأقسام: 9

بعد هذا الفصل تستطيع

  • Tell the five sign families in the appendix apart by shape and colour.
  • State how far ahead of a hazard a warning sign is normally placed.
  • Explain how long a prohibitive sign applies after you pass it.
  • Distinguish a Give Way line from a Stop line.
  • Explain which lines along the road you may and may not cross.
  • Recognise bus lanes, lane arrows, box junctions and kerbside parking markings.

القسم 1 من 9

Warning signs (1 to 54)

Red triangles that tell you about a hazard in time to adjust your speed and position.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 185

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

A warning sign before a roundabout

A model roundabout with four arms. The roundabout warning sign, a red triangle, stands at the right-hand side of the south arm. Car A, the blue car you are driving, comes up that arm. Car B is already on the roundabout, to the left of where A will enter.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 5, A red triangle ahead: Car A meets a warning sign. On a real road it normally stands 150 to 250 metres before the hazard, and closer in town.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 185

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, pp. 185, 190, 191, 192

قاعدة

How warning signs look and where they stand

A warning sign is usually a red triangle pointing upwards, with a black symbol or words on a white background (sometimes yellow).

It is normally placed 150 to 250 metres before the hazard it warns about. In built-up areas inside city limits the distance may be shorter.

Handbook illustration 53: Hazard ahead (or other danger)
الشكل 10.1How warning signs look and where they stand. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 192
شاهده على طاولة الطريق: الدرس 4 من 5 · شارع الإشارات

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 185

مثال

What warning signs ask of you

A warning sign does not give an order. It tells you what to prepare for.

Handbook illustration 37: Roundabout
الشكل 10.2What warning signs ask of you. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 190
  • Bends: be prepared for oncoming traffic and adapt your speed to visibility and the sharpness of the bend.
  • Steep downhill: your braking distance may be longer and your speed faster than you think.
  • Roundabout: give way to traffic approaching from the left.
  • Pedestrian crossing: be ready to stop.
  • Children: they are hard to see, unaccustomed to traffic and unpredictable.
  • Hazard ahead (exclamation mark): the exact hazard may be given on a supplementary sign.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, pp. 185, 190, 191, 192

الإشارات التحذيرية ومعانيها

القسم 2 من 9

Prohibitive signs (100 to 140)

Round signs with a red border that forbid a manoeuvre or a type of vehicle.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 193

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

How long a no-overtaking sign lasts

A long straight two-way road. Car A, the blue car you are driving, follows truck T towards the east. A round No overtaking sign with a red border stands at the right-hand kerb, and an End of restriction sign stands further along.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 5, A round sign with a red border: Car A follows a slow truck towards a No overtaking sign. Round with a red border means something is forbidden.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 193

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, pp. 193, 196, 197, 198

قاعدة

How prohibitive signs look and how long they apply

Prohibitive signs are round, with a red border on a white background and a black symbol. They show that certain manoeuvres or vehicle types are forbidden.

A prohibitive sign applies from the moment you pass it until you reach the next crossroads, unless local circumstances or the sign itself indicate otherwise. Failing to obey one is an offence punishable by law.

Handbook illustration 131: No overtaking
الشكل 10.3How prohibitive signs look and how long they apply. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 197

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 193

مثال

Prohibitive signs worth knowing cold

These carry extra conditions in the handbook.

Handbook illustration 101: No Entry
الشكل 10.4Prohibitive signs worth knowing cold. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 193
  • No Entry: applies to all vehicles that face the sign.
  • STOP: all vehicles must stop and give way. Stop at the line or, if there is no line, immediately before the light or sign.
  • No overtaking: applies until you reach the end-of-restriction sign.
  • Maximum speed: applies until another sign imposes a different limit.
  • No stopping: applies to the side of the road on which the sign stands.
  • End of restriction: applies to and cancels any prohibitive sign.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, pp. 193, 196, 197, 198

إشارات المنع ومعانيها

القسم 3 من 9

Mandatory signs (200 to 222)

Blue circles that tell you what you must do or where you must go.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 199

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

Ahead only: one way allowed, the rest ruled out

A model crossroads. A round blue Ahead only sign with a white arrow stands at the right-hand side of the south arm. Car A, the blue car you are driving, comes up that arm towards the junction.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 4, A round blue sign: Car A nears a crossroads with a blue sign showing a white arrow. Blue and round means an instruction, not a restriction.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 199

قاعدة

A positive instruction is also a ban on everything else

Mandatory signs are round, with a white border on a blue background. They give a positive instruction instead of a restriction.

An instruction for one type of vehicle or manoeuvre is at the same time a ban on all other types. A mandatory direction sign means vehicles may be driven only in the direction of the arrow or arrows.

Handbook illustration 202: Ahead only
الشكل 10.5A positive instruction is also a ban on everything else. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 199

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 199

الإشارات الإلزامية ومعانيها

القسم 4 من 9

Information signs (300 to 410)

Signs in many shapes and colours that help you find your road, services and destinations.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 203

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

The primary road sign: who has priority

A model T-junction. A minor road from the south ends at a road running west to east, with a broken line across its entry. The primary road sign stands beside the through road just past the junction. Car A, the blue car you are driving, travels east on the through road. Car B comes up the minor road.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 4, A sign that informs: Car A is on a primary road. Its sign stands just past the junction ahead. It gives no order: it tells A what kind of road this is.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 203

ملاحظة

What information signs do

Information signs come in a variety of shapes and colours. They help you find and follow the road you want, such as a motorway, and direct you to car parks, destinations, distances, service stations and other amenities.

Handbook illustration 300: Beginning of motorway
الشكل 10.6What information signs do. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 203

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 203

قاعدة

The primary road sign

Traffic on a primary road has priority: vehicles entering from a minor road must give way. The sign may be repeated on a primary road after every crossing or junction.

At the end of a motorway, get ready to meet oncoming traffic again.

Handbook illustration 304: Primary road
الشكل 10.7The primary road sign. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 203

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 203

الإشارات الإرشادية ومعانيها

القسم 5 من 9

Temporary signs (500 to 517)

Orange signs set up for road works.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 211

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

Orange signs at road works

A one-way road with two lanes running east. Further along, cones and a barrier close the right-hand lane for road works. Three orange signs stand at the right-hand kerb: Road construction ahead, Right lane closed, and End construction. Car A, the blue car you are driving, starts in the right-hand lane.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 5, Orange means road works: Car A meets an orange sign: road construction ahead. Temporary signs are orange and go up together with road works.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 211

ملاحظة

Orange means road works

Temporary signs have an orange background and are set up in conjunction with road works. They announce construction, detours, closed lanes and reduced speeds, and other designs can be made for a specific need.

Handbook illustration 500: Road construction ahead
الشكل 10.8Orange means road works. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 211

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 211

الإشارات المؤقتة لأعمال الطرق

القسم 6 من 9

Lines across the road

Give Way lines and Stop lines tell you where to wait.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 217

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

Stop line and Give Way line, side by side

A model crossroads set up to compare two lines. The south arm has a continuous Stop line and a STOP sign. The north arm has a broken Give Way line and a Give Way sign. Car A, the blue car you are driving, comes from the south. Later car B comes from the north and car C crosses from the west.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 5, Two lines across the road: This model junction has a continuous line on the south arm and a broken line on the north arm, so you can compare them.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 217

قاعدة

Give Way line: broken

A broken white line across your lane shows that traffic on the road you want to enter has priority. It marks where you should stop, if necessary, to take your final look.

You normally find one at the entrance to a roundabout: traffic inside the roundabout has priority and you must give way.

Handbook illustration 601: Give Way line or Yield line
الشكل 10.9Give Way line: broken. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 217

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 217

قاعدة

Stop line: continuous

A single continuous line across your half of the road shows where you must stop at junctions with Stop signs or at junctions controlled by traffic lights.

Handbook illustration 600: Stop line
الشكل 10.10Stop line: continuous. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 217

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 217

علامات الطريق ومعانيها

القسم 7 من 9

Lines along the road

Centre lines, warning lines, prohibitory lines and edge lines: which you may cross and which you may not.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, pp. 218–220

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

Reading the line in the middle of the road

A long straight two-way road whose middle line changes along its length: first short marks with long gaps, then long marks with short gaps, then one continuous line, then two continuous lines. Car A, the blue car you are driving, travels east in the right-hand lane. Car B comes the other way later on.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 4, Centre line: A broken line marks the middle of the road. On main roads each mark is 3 metres long with 9 metres between marks.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 218

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, pp. 218–219

تعريف

Centre line and warning line

The centre line is a broken line marking the middle of the road. On main roads each mark is 3 metres long with 9 metres between marks.

A warning line reverses that pattern: 9-metre marks with 3-metre gaps. It replaces centre and prohibitory lines on roads less than 7 metres wide and can warn of a prohibitory line or hazard ahead. Crossing it is prohibited unless you are certain the road is clear.

Handbook illustration 608: Warning line
الشكل 10.11Centre line and warning line. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 218
  • Where the single broken centre line gets longer, expect a hazard ahead.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 218

قاعدة

Prohibitory lines

Crossing or straddling a prohibitory line is forbidden, even with a single wheel. Crossing or straddling a double prohibitory line is always prohibited.

Where there are two lines and the one nearest you is broken, you may cross both to overtake, as long as you can finish before a solid line begins on your side.

Handbook illustration 609: Double prohibitory line
الشكل 10.12Prohibitory lines. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 219
  • Arrows on the road often warn that a double white line is coming. Do not start to overtake when you see them on your side.
  • A restricted area must not be crossed or straddled. The smaller ones are painted solid white.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, pp. 218–219

قاعدة

Edge lines

The edge of the road is usually marked with a broken line, which you may cross when you temporarily need the shoulder, for example to help another vehicle overtake.

A continuous edge line is used on motorways where driving on the shoulder is unsuitable. Never straddle or cross it. Edge lines are normally white but can be yellow.

Handbook illustration 612: Continuous edge line
الشكل 10.13Edge lines. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 219

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 219

ملاحظة

Reflective studs (cat’s eyes)

White reflective studs are spaced in a row between lanes or along the centre of the road. Flashing amber studs warn that you are approaching a pedestrian crossing. At road works, studs may show which lanes are in operation.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 220

علامات الطريق ومعانيها

القسم 8 من 9

Reserved lanes, arrows and speed reduction lines

Markings that sort traffic into the right lane and slow it down.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, pp. 221–222

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

Lane arrows and a bus lane

A one-way road with three lanes running east towards a side street on the left. The left lane has left-turn arrows and the middle lane has ahead arrows. The right-hand lane is a bus lane behind a continuous white line, with its sign at the kerb. Car A, the blue car you are driving, is in the middle lane. Bus B is in the bus lane.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 4, Read the road early: Lane arrows are painted well before the junction. The right-hand lane is a bus lane: only buses use it while it operates.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 222

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 221

قاعدة

Bus lanes and cycle lanes

Only buses may use a bus lane during the operating times shown on the sign; outside those times all vehicles may use it. If no times are shown, it operates 24 hours a day. Do not drive or park in a bus lane while it is in operation.

Do not drive or park in a cycle lane marked by a solid white line. If the line is broken, do not drive or park in it unless this is unavoidable.

Handbook illustration 618: Reserved lane line
الشكل 10.14Bus lanes and cycle lanes. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 221

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 221

قاعدة

Lane arrows

Lane arrows are painted well before a junction so that you can get into the correct lane in good time. If prohibitory lines border the lane, you must follow the direction of the arrow. Otherwise the arrow suggests an appropriate route.

Handbook illustration 621-625: Lane arrows
الشكل 10.15Lane arrows. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 222

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 222

ملاحظة

Speed reduction lines

Raised yellow lines across the carriageway make you aware of your speed after a period of faster driving. They are sometimes painted before roundabouts or speed humps, when entering a village, or before a particular hazard. Reduce your speed in good time.

Handbook illustration 627: Speed reduction lines
الشكل 10.16Speed reduction lines. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 222

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 222

علامات الطريق ومعانيها

القسم 9 من 9

Temporary markings, parking and box junctions

Yellow and orange paint: road works, kerbside restrictions and junctions that must stay clear.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, pp. 223–224

رسم متحرك · رسم أصلي

Box junction: when you may enter

A model crossroads with yellow criss-cross lines painted over its middle. A queue of three cars fills the east arm on the way out. Car B waits on the west arm, wanting to go east. Car A, the blue car you are driving, comes from the south and wants to turn left. Car C comes from the north.

ركّز على الصورة، ثم: السهم الأيمن أو N للانتقال إلى الخطوة التالية، والسهم الأيسر أو B للرجوع خطوة. R يعيد التشغيل من الخطوة الأولى. D يبدّل بين النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد والرسم ثنائي الأبعاد. الفاصلة والنقطة تديران النموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد، وسهما الأعلى والأسفل يميلانه، والزائد والناقص للتكبير والتصغير، والصفر يعيد ضبط العرض. ولكل عنصر تحكّم في الخطوات زر أيضًا.

Step 1 of 5, Yellow criss-cross lines: The yellow lines mark a box junction. Their purpose is to keep the junction clear.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 224

قاعدة

Temporary markings win

At road works, orange or yellow markings and yellow reflective studs may show the lanes in operation. Temporary road markings take precedence over ordinary road markings.

Handbook illustration 628: Temporary road markings, yellow reflective studs or cat’s eyes
الشكل 10.17Temporary markings win. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 223

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 223

قاعدة

Parking markings

Parking spaces are marked with continuous or broken white lines, and all four wheels of a parked car must be inside them. Spaces for disabled persons may only be used by holders of special permits.

Handbook illustration 631: Parking prohibited
الشكل 10.18Parking markings. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 223
  • Broken yellow kerbside line: parking prohibited. Used at bus stops and on kerbs at junctions.
  • Continuous yellow line: no stopping or parking.

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 223

قاعدة

Box junctions

Yellow criss-cross lines mark a box junction. Their purpose is to keep the junction clear, so you must not enter the box unless your exit road is clear.

One exception: you may enter when you want to turn left and are only prevented from doing so by oncoming traffic.

Handbook illustration 634: Box junctions
الشكل 10.19Box junctions. صورة من Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 224

المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 224

علامات الطريق ومعانيها

خلاصة الفصل 10

تذكّر هذا

  • Warning signs stand 150 to 250 metres before the hazard; closer in built-up areas.
  • A prohibitive sign applies until the next crossroads unless something indicates otherwise.
  • A mandatory sign’s instruction is also a ban on every other option.
  • Broken line across your lane: give way. Continuous line across your half of the road: stop.
  • Never cross or straddle a prohibitory line, not even with one wheel.
  • Temporary road markings take precedence over ordinary markings.
  • Do not enter a box junction unless your exit is clear.

مفاهيم خاطئة شائعة

  • خطأ شائع

    : A prohibitive sign only applies at the spot where it stands.

    الحقيقة

    : It applies from the moment you pass it until the next crossroads, unless local circumstances or the sign itself indicate otherwise.

    المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road traffic signs, p. 193

  • خطأ شائع

    : A bus lane with no times on the sign can be used when it looks empty.

    الحقيقة

    : Where no times are shown, the bus lane is in operation 24 hours a day.

    المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 221

  • خطأ شائع

    : If the light is green I can always drive into a box junction.

    الحقيقة

    : You must not enter a box junction unless your exit road is clear, whatever the light shows. The only exception is waiting to turn left when oncoming traffic alone is stopping you.

    المصدر: Handbook Appendix: Road markings, p. 224

الفصل 10 · تدريب

اختبر معلوماتك

أسئلة سريعة عن هذا الفصل (6)، مع شرح بعد كل إجابة. أو تدرّب على كل الأسئلة المكتوبة له (14).

اختبارات تدريبية تشمل هذا الفصل